Which federal agency is primarily responsible for overseeing the health insurance Marketplace?

The primary responsibility for overseeing the health insurance Marketplace lies with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). This agency plays a crucial role in implementing the Affordable Care Act (ACA) and managing the health insurance exchanges where individuals can purchase qualified health plans. CMS ensures that the Marketplace operates efficiently, adheres to regulations, and provides consumers with the necessary tools and resources to make informed decisions regarding their health coverage options. Their oversight includes monitoring the enrollment process, guiding the application process, and overseeing insurers to promote fair competition and consumer protection within the Marketplace.

The other agencies listed have different focuses: the Federal Insurance Office primarily monitors risks to the financial stability of the insurance sector, the Health Resources and Services Administration focuses on improving healthcare access for underserved populations, and the National Institutes of Health is centered on biomedical research and public health initiatives rather than health insurance oversight.